Air pump



Sept. 14,1937. 0. B. JOHNSON 2,092,920

AIR PUMP Filed Feb. 6, 1936 3 Shets-Sheec l Sept. 14, 1937. o B. JOHNSON2,092,920

' AIR PUMP Filed Feb. 6, 1936 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 O l m.

Sept. 14, 1937. o. B. JOHNSON 2,092,920

AIR PUMP Filed Feb. 6, 1956 :5 SheetsSheet 3 Site: 44 g Patented Sept.14, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Claims.

This invention relates to compressors, an important object of theinvention being to provide a compressor so constructed thatsubstantially large inlet valves may be used, thereby providing anespecially desirable and efficient valve structure for use with highspeed compressors, eliminating the use of small valves which necessarilyreduce the velocity of the air being drawn into the compressor. Anotherobject of the invention is to provide a structure wherein the compressedair will have a more direct and unobstructed outlet thereby reducing thepower necessary for the operation of the device, to a minimum.

A further object .of the invention is to provide a compressorconstructed in such a way that the stationary piston thereof may besupplied with cooling liquid maintaining the piston-and cylinder cool atall times.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, which will appear as thedescription proceeds, the invention resides in the combination andarrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafterdescribed and claimed, it being understood that changes in the preciseembodiment of the invention herein disclosed, may be made within thescope of what is claimed, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through a compressorillustrating the construction of the piston wherein a cooling fluidflows through the piston.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view through the compressor; takenon line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an end elevational view of the compressor.

Figure 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4-4 of Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view through a modified form ofcompressor.

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken on line 6-6 of Figure 5.

Figure 7 is an end elevational view of the compressor.

Figure 8 is a sectional view taken on line 8-8 of Figure 6.

Figure 9 is a longitudinal sectional view through a further modifiedform of compressor.

Figure 10 is a sectional view taken on line ill-l0 of Figure 9.

Figure 11 is a sectional view taken on line ll-ll of Figure 9.

Figure 12 is a longitudinal sectional view through a still furthermodified form of compressor.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the reference character 5designates a compressor cylinder, which is provided with removable heads6. 5 Disposed substantially centrally of the heads 6, are intake valves1 which are substantially large, to admit a large quantity of air witheach stroke of the cylinder. These valves are formed with valve stems 8that move through openings in the 10 arms 9v that are formed integralwith the heads 6. Coiled springs are mounted on the stems 8 and normallyurge the valves 1 to their closed positions.

Disposed within the cylinder 5 is a piston ll 15 which is hollow andsupplied with an inlet pipe l2 and an outlet pipe l3 communicating withthe interior of the piston. In this form of compressor the cylinder ishorizontally disposed and the upper inner surface of the piston isinclined up- 20 wardly towards the outlet pipe l3, as clearly shown byFigure 1 of the drawings, with the result that water entering thepiston, will be directed upwardly to the outlet pipe I3, therebycreating a circulation within the piston to cool 25 the piston.

A valve opening is formed in each end of the piston, and these openingsare provided with valve seats l4 against which the valves I5 seat, thevalves being of a construction to permit air 30 to pass into the pipe I6which has enlarged ends surrounding the valve openings. Communicatingwith the pipe I6 is a pipe I! that extends from the piston at a pointintermediate the ends of the piston, the pipe leading to a suitable com-5 pressor tank, not shown. Directly opposite to the pipe I l is asupporting bar Hi, the bar l8 and pipe l'l being connected to thesupport l9, by means of the straps 20.

Elongated openings 2| are formed in opposite 0 sides of the cylinder 5,through which the pipes l1 and supporting bar l8 extend and permitreciprocation of the cylinder, over the piston. A connecting yoke 2| issecured at one end of the cylinder, through which yoke the movement may5 be imparted from a suitable power device, to the cylinder. Thus itwill be seen that as the cylinder is reciprocated over the piston, airwill be drawn into the pipe l6 at one end thereof and with the returnstroke of the cylinder air will 5 be forced into the opposite end of thepipe l6, forcing the air through the pipe I! to the compressor tank. I

In the form of the invention as shown by: sheet 2 of the drawings, acompressor cylinder is indicated by the reference character 22, thecompressor cylinder having elongated openings 23 in opposite sidesthereof, to accommodate the pipes 24 that extend into the piston 25supplying cooling liquid to the interior of the piston to maintain thepiston 0001.

One end of the cylinder is closed by the head 26 which is formed with avalve opening to accommodate the valve 21 which operates when suction iscreated within the cylinder, due to the operation of the cylinder andthe piston.

The piston 25 is provided with an intake valve 28 through which airpasses, when the cylinder moves to a position as shown by Figure 6 ofthe drawings. At the opposite end of the piston is a valve 29 thatoperates in the opposite direction, the valves'26 and 29 being mountedin enlargements formed at the ends of thepipe 30. It will be seen thatthe valves 28 and 29 are so arranged that air may pass directly throughthe cylinder, allowing air to pass through the pipe 3| and through thepipe 34, to the air compressor tank not shown.

30 In Figures 9 and 10 the reference character indicates a compressorcylinder which operates over the piston 36, the piston 36 being providedwith an inlet pipe 31 through which cooling liquid passes to-the piston.This pipe 31 is sup- 35 ported within the outlet pipe 38, which isslightly larger than the inlet pipe 31, providing a passageway betweenthe pipes to allow the cooling liquid topass upwardly and away from thepiston, after it has accomplished'its purpose. A head 39 is formed atthe lower end of the pipe 38, which head is provided with a plurality ofopenings 40 allowing the cooling liquid to pass into the pipe 38. i

Mounted within the piston 36 is a pipe 4| formed with enlargements 42 atits ends, the enlargements housing valves that admit air to the pipe 4|when the cylinder 35 operates thereover, but prevent air from passingfrom the pipe substantially intermediate the ends of the pipe 4| andprovides an outlet for the air entering the pipe 4|. A supporting rod 44connects with the piston 36 and is bolted to the support 45,

whereby the piston is held in its operative position at all times.

' Mounted within one end of the cylinder 35 is a valve 46 that operatesthrough the suction of the cylinder'operating over the piston to admitair to the cylinder.

In the form of the invention as shown by Figure 12 of the drawings, thecylinder 41 is disposed vertically, and is'provided with elongatedopenings 48 that accommodate the pipes 49 con- 65 nected with the piston50.

These pipes 49 communicate with pipes 5| that have their open endsdisposed adjacent to opposite ends of the piston so that a cooling fluidmay be directed to the interior of the piston to maintain the pistoncool at all times. In this form of the invention the pipe 52 throughwhich air passes, is supported within the piston and has enlarged endsproviding valve housings for valves which admit air to the pipe at each75 stroke of the cylinder. Communicating with the pipe 52 is an outletpipe 53 that directs air comdrain valve to drain the air pipes of anycondensation or liquid which may collect therein.

It is further pointed out that suitable means may be provided forlubricating the piston, reducing wear and friction to the minimum.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is: f

1. A compressor of the class described, comprising a stationary hollowpiston, a pipe extending through the piston, an inlet valvein one end ofthe pipe, an outlet valve in the opposite end of the pipe, a cylinderoperating over the piston and having inlet valves in the ends thereof,means for directing cooling liquid to the interior of the piston, and aconnecting rod connected to the cylinder whereby the cylinder may beoperated.

2. A compressor of the class described, comprising a hollow piston, acylinder adapted to reciprocate over the piston, inlet valves disposedin the ends of the cylinder, a longitudinal pipe extending through thepiston, an inlet valve in gitudinally through the piston, valves in theends of the pipe and adapted to control the passage of 'air through thepipe, an outlet pipe connected with the first mentioned pipe, means fordirecting cooling liquid to the piston, and a connecting rod connectedto the cylinder and adapted to reciprocate the cylinder over the piston.

4. A compressor of the class described, comprising a hollow piston, acylinder adapted to reciprocate over the piston compressing air, a pipeextending through the piston, the ends of the pipe communicating withthe spaces at the ends of the cylinder whereby air is compressed whenthe cylinder operates over the piston, and means for directing coolingliquid to the interior of the piston.

5. A compressor of the class described comprising a hollow piston, acylinder adapted to reciprocate over the piston compressing air, a pipeextending longitudinally through the piston, valves in the ends of thepipe controlling the passage of air through the piston, a pipe extendinginto the piston and connected with the piston at a point intermediatethe ends of the piston, supplying cooling liquid to the interior of thepiston, an outlet pipe extending into the piston whereby cooling liquidmay pass from the piston, and the inner surface of the piston beinginclined towards the outlet pipe, directing cooling liquid to the outletpipe.

. ORLANDO B. JOHNSON.

